epifyselinjer

Epiphyselinjer, also known as growth plates, are temporary structures found at the ends of long bones in growing individuals. They are responsible for the longitudinal growth of bones, allowing for the increase in height and length of limbs. Epiphyselinjer are composed of hyaline cartilage and are located between the metaphysis (the part of the bone that is closest to the joint) and the epiphysis (the part of the bone that forms the joint).

The growth plate is a site of active bone growth, where chondrocytes (cartilage cells) divide and secrete new matrix, leading to the elongation of the bone. This process is regulated by hormones such as growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1). The growth plate is typically wider in children and adolescents, and it gradually narrows and eventually closes as the individual reaches skeletal maturity.

Epiphyselinjer can be affected by various conditions, including growth disorders, nutritional deficiencies, and physical trauma. For example, conditions like rickets (in children) and osteomalacia (in adults) can lead to abnormal bone growth and deformities due to impaired growth plate function. Conversely, excessive physical activity or improper nutrition can also impact the growth plate, potentially leading to conditions such as stress fractures or delayed bone age.

The closure of the growth plate marks the end of longitudinal bone growth. In humans, this typically occurs around the age of 18-25 years, although it can vary. After the growth plate closes, the bone continues to thicken and strengthen through a process called bone remodeling, which is essential for maintaining bone health and strength throughout life.