energiatehokkuuslainsäädäntö

Energiatehokkuus, or energy efficiency, is the practice of reducing the amount of energy required to provide products and services. It aims to maximize useful output from a given energy input by improving technologies, processes, and behaviors.

It covers a broad range of measures, including improving insulation, upgrading heating and cooling systems, high-efficiency appliances, advanced lighting, and industrial process optimization. It also includes energy management practices, metering, and data analysis to identify savings opportunities.

In policy and regulation, energy efficiency is promoted through standards, labeling, and performance targets. Common mechanisms include building codes, appliance efficiency standards, energy performance certificates, and financial incentives. In the European Union, for example, directives create binding targets and national programs; many countries maintain energy efficiency labeling such as the EU energy label or comparable programs.

The benefits include lower energy bills, reduced greenhouse gas emissions, improved energy security, and increased competitiveness. However, challenges include up-front costs, split incentives, data gaps, and rebound effects where savings lead to increased consumption.

Energy efficiency is often considered the first and most cost-effective step in decarbonization strategies, complementing renewable energy deployment and demand-side management.