endfacepolishin

Endface polishing is a critical process in the manufacturing and maintenance of fiber optic connectors. The goal is to create a precisely flat and smooth surface on the end of an optical fiber ferrule. This polished endface is essential for efficient light transmission between two connected fibers. Imperfections such as scratches, pits, or a non-flat surface can lead to signal loss, increased reflection, and overall degradation of optical network performance.

The polishing process typically involves several stages, progressing from coarser abrasives to finer ones. Initially, a lapping film with a coarser grit is used to remove material and establish a flat surface. This is followed by progressively finer grit lapping films and then diamond or alumina slurries on polishing pads. The specific grit sizes and the number of stages depend on the required polish quality and the type of connector.

Different types of endface geometries are achieved through polishing. The most common are flat polish (PC), angled physical contact (APC), and ultra physical contact (UPC). PC polish aims for a slightly curved surface to ensure good fiber contact. APC polish features an angled surface, typically 8 degrees, to reflect back-scattered light out of the fiber core and into the cladding, minimizing reflections. UPC provides an even smoother and more precise curved surface than PC for reduced reflections. The selection of the polish type is dictated by the application's sensitivity to reflections and signal loss. Precise control over the polishing process is paramount to achieving the desired optical performance.