eleváció

Elevation refers to the height of a point on the Earth's surface above a reference datum, typically mean sea level. It is a fundamental concept in geography, cartography, and surveying, and is crucial for understanding topography and planning various activities.

Measurements of elevation are taken using specialized equipment such as altimeters, GPS receivers, and surveying instruments. These measurements are then used to create maps that depict the varying heights of the land. Contour lines on maps connect points of equal elevation, providing a visual representation of the terrain's shape and steepness.

Elevation influences climate, vegetation, and human settlement patterns. Higher elevations generally experience lower temperatures and different precipitation patterns, affecting the types of plants and animals that can thrive there. Historically, elevation has also played a role in defense and resource exploitation.

In urban planning and engineering, elevation data is vital for designing infrastructure like roads, buildings, and drainage systems, ensuring proper water flow and structural stability. Understanding elevation differences is also essential for aviation, navigation, and geological studies.