ekzistencë

Ekzistencë refers to the state of being real or present. In philosophy, it concerns what it means for something to exist and how beings are identified as real. The term is used across metaphysics, ontology and everyday Albanian language, where it also denotes ongoing presence or reality as opposed to nonbeing.

One common distinction is between necessary existence (not dependent on anything else) and contingent existence (could fail to be). Some theories treat existence as a predicate or property, while others regard it as a basic mode of being that does not add descriptive content by itself. The question interacts with debates about universals, causation, and the nature of objects.

Historically, ekzistencë has featured in Aristotle's analysis of beings, medieval ontological arguments, and modern discussions about the external world and knowledge. In contemporary philosophy, existentialism focuses on human existence, authenticity, and freedom (for example, Heidegger and Sartre). In analytic traditions, existence is treated in terms of logic and existential quantification rather than as a substantive attribute of things.

In Albanian discourse, ekzistencë is used in scientific, philosophical, religious, and everyday contexts to indicate that something is real or present.

See also: Ontology, Metaphysics, Existentialism, Being and Time, Sartre, Descartes.