economicus

Economicus is a treatise on ethics and economics written by the ancient Greek philosopher Xenophon in the 4th century BCE. The work is a dialogue between Socrates and a wealthy young man named Critobulus, who is seeking advice on how to live a virtuous life.

In Economicus, Xenophon presents a philosophical framework for understanding the relationship between wealth and happiness. He argues that a life of moderation and self-control is essential for achieving true happiness and fulfillment. The treatise also explores the concept of thriftiness and the importance of living within one's means.

Xenophon critiques the idea of wealth as an end in itself, arguing that it is a means to an end, not an end in itself. He also emphasizes the importance of hard work, self-discipline, and the responsible management of one's assets. Throughout the dialogue, Socrates guides Critobulus towards a deeper understanding of the nature of wealth and its role in human life.

Economicus is considered an important work in the history of economic thought, as it prefigures many of the ideas of later economists, such as Adam Smith and the physiocrats. The treatise also offers valuable insights into the cultural and social norms of ancient Greece, providing a unique window into the values and beliefs of this ancient civilization.

While Economicus is not a direct precursor to modern economics, its exploration of the relationship between wealth and happiness has had a lasting impact on Western thought and continues to be studied and debated by scholars today.