duide

Deide, also known as the Deide language or Deide dialect, is a regional variety of the Irish language (Gaeilge) historically spoken in the Deide region of County Donegal, Ireland. The term "Deide" itself derives from the Irish word *Deas*, meaning "south," referring to the southern part of the county. This dialect is part of the broader Ulster Gaelic tradition, which includes other regional variants such as those spoken in Derry, Tyrone, and Fermanagh.

The Deide dialect was once widely used in daily life, education, and administration within its community, particularly before the 20th century. However, like many Irish dialects, it experienced a decline due to factors such as the suppression of Irish language use in schools, economic migration, and the dominance of English in public life. By the mid-20th century, its speakers had dwindled significantly, and it is now considered critically endangered.

Key linguistic features of Deide include distinct pronunciation, vocabulary, and grammatical structures that set it apart from other Ulster dialects. For example, certain words and phrases differ from Standard Irish, such as the use of *sé* (he) instead of *é* in some contexts. The dialect also retains archaic forms and influences from Old Irish, reflecting its historical development.

Efforts to preserve Deide have been limited compared to other Irish dialects, though some cultural and linguistic revival initiatives exist. Organizations like *Foras na Gaeilge* and local Irish language schools (*scoileanna Ghaeilge*) occasionally highlight regional varieties to promote awareness. A few older speakers and researchers continue to document and study the dialect, ensuring its legacy is not entirely lost.

Today, Deide serves as a reminder of Ireland’s rich linguistic diversity and the broader struggle to maintain endangered languages. While it may no longer be a living tongue in its traditional sense, its study contributes to understanding the evolution of Irish and the cultural heritage of County Donegal.