digoksiinidigoxins

Digoxin and digoxins are a group of cardiac glycosides derived from the plant Digitalis lanata. They are used primarily as medications to treat heart failure and certain arrhythmias. Digoxin works by inhibiting the sodium-potassium pump in cardiac cells, which increases the intracellular concentration of sodium and calcium, leading to a positive inotropic effect and increased cardiac contractility.

Digoxin is the most commonly used member of the digoxin group and is available in various formulations, including tablets, elixirs, and intravenous solutions. It is typically administered orally, but intravenous administration is also possible in emergency situations. The drug has a relatively long half-life, allowing for once-daily dosing in most patients.

Digoxins are structurally similar to digoxin but have different pharmacological properties. They are less commonly used in clinical practice due to their variable efficacy and potential for toxicity. The most well-known digoxin is digoxin itself, followed by digoxin-like compounds such as digitoxin and gitoxin.

The primary side effects of digoxin and digoxins include nausea, vomiting, and gastrointestinal upset. More serious side effects can include bradycardia, heart block, and visual disturbances. Monitoring of serum digoxin levels is essential to optimize therapy and minimize the risk of toxicity.

Digoxin and digoxins are contraindicated in patients with certain conditions, such as severe bradycardia, heart block, and electrolyte imbalances. They should also be used with caution in patients with renal impairment, as they are excreted primarily by the kidneys.