diamagneetinen

Diamagneetinen is a term used in physics to describe a property of materials that are weakly repelled by an external magnetic field. This repulsion occurs because the magnetic field induces a temporary magnetic moment in the material that opposes the applied field. This phenomenon is a result of the orbital motion of electrons within the atoms of the material. When an external magnetic field is applied, the electrons' orbits slightly change in a way that creates a magnetic dipole moment. This induced dipole moment is always in the opposite direction to the applied field, leading to the diamagnetic effect.

Diamagnetism is a universal property of all matter, meaning every substance exhibits some degree of diamagnetism. However, it is usually masked by other magnetic effects, such as paramagnetism or ferromagnetism, which are much stronger. Materials that are predominantly diamagnetic are those where these stronger effects are absent or very weak. Examples of diamagnetic materials include water, bismuth, antimony, copper, gold, and nitrogen. Diamagnetic materials have a magnetic susceptibility that is small and negative. This susceptibility is independent of temperature. The diamagnetic effect is observed even at very low temperatures.