deszúblimálás

Deszúblimálás is a Hungarian term referring to the process of sublimation in reverse. Sublimation is a phase transition where a substance transitions directly from the solid to the gas state, without passing through the liquid state. Deszúblimálás, therefore, is the opposite: the transition of a substance directly from the gas phase to the solid phase, again bypassing the liquid state.

This phenomenon is commonly observed with substances like iodine, water (forming frost), and carbon dioxide (dry ice). In the case of frost formation, water vapor in the atmosphere directly deposits as ice crystals onto a cold surface. Similarly, when dry ice is exposed to room temperature air, it sublimes into gaseous carbon dioxide. The reverse process, deszúblimálás, occurs when gaseous molecules in a sufficiently cold environment lose enough kinetic energy to arrange themselves directly into a solid lattice structure.

The conditions required for deszúblimálás are typically low temperatures and sufficient vapor pressure of the substance in the gaseous state. The specific temperature and pressure at which deszúblimálás occurs are dependent on the substance's unique phase diagram. This process is important in various natural phenomena, such as the formation of snow crystals in clouds, and in industrial applications like freeze-drying, where it is utilized to preserve materials by removing water in a solid form.