derivatsioonilist

Derivatsiooniline is a term used in linguistics to describe a word that has been formed by adding affixes to a base word. This process, known as derivation, creates a new word with a different meaning or grammatical function. For example, the word "unhappy" is derived from the base word "happy" by adding the prefix "un-". Similarly, the word "kindness" is derived from the base word "kind" by adding the suffix "-ness".

Derivation is a fundamental process in word formation, allowing languages to expand their vocabulary and express more nuanced meanings. The affixes used in derivation can be prefixes, which are added to the beginning of a word, or suffixes, which are added to the end. These affixes often change the part of speech of the word. For instance, adding "-able" to a verb can create an adjective, as in "readable" from "read".

The distinction between derivational and inflectional morphology is important in linguistics. Inflectional affixes, unlike derivational ones, do not change the core meaning or grammatical category of a word but rather indicate grammatical information such as tense, number, or case. For example, adding "-s" to "cat" to form "cats" is inflectional, indicating plurality, while the word "catty" (meaning resembling a cat) is derivational, changing the word into an adjective. Understanding derivational processes is key to analyzing word structure and etymology.