decodificador

A decodificador, also known as a decoder, is a combinational logic circuit that converts coded input into a coded output. The input is a binary code and the output is a set of signals, where only one output signal is active at a time. Decodificadores are often used to select a particular line or device from a group of devices.

The most common type of decodificador is a binary-to-decimal decoder. This circuit takes a binary input and converts it into a decimal output. For example, a 2-to-4 decoder has two binary inputs and four decimal outputs. The output is determined by the combination of the input bits. If the input is 00, the first output is active. If the input is 01, the second output is active, and so on.

Decodificadores have a wide range of applications in digital electronics. They are used in memory addressing, where they select specific memory locations. They are also used in display drivers to convert binary data into signals that can control a display, such as an LED or LCD. In microprocessors, decodificadores are crucial for instruction decoding, where they interpret the binary instructions and generate the necessary control signals.

Another common application is in multiplexers and demultiplexers. A demultiplexer, for instance, uses a decodificador to route an input signal to one of several output lines. The decodificador determines which output line will receive the signal based on a select input.

The design of decodificadores typically involves using logic gates such as AND, OR, and NOT gates. The number of output lines is usually 2^n, where n is the number of input lines. For example, a 3-to-8 decoder has three input lines and eight output lines.