cyfyng

Cyfyng is a Welsh word meaning “restriction” or “constraint.” It is formed from the root cy‑, a pre‑prefix used in Welsh to denote thoroughness or intensity, and fyng, derived from the verb fyngio meaning “to restrict” or “to constrain.” In modern Welsh usage the noun Cyfyng is applied to legal, environmental or administrative limits, such as “cyfyngiad o swm parhaus” (a cap on the amount of a grant).

In everyday speech Cyfyng can appear in idiomatic expressions. For example, “vag`ffaf cyfyng” (width of a restriction) is used to refer to a narrow point on a road, while “cyfyngiant” (limit) is common in policy documents. The term also appears in specialist Welsh-language texts on ecology where it denotes a conservation area’s boundary limit.

Cyfyng is sometimes used as a placename, most notably in the small hamlet of Cyfyng near the Anglesey coast. Historically the hamlet developed around a stone quarry, and the name is thought to refer to the physical constraints of the terrain. In historical registers the hamlet is listed in the 19th‑century Griffiths census as having a population of eighty-six.

In contemporary media the word Cyfyng occasionally appears in Welsh-language newspapers discussing governmental restrictions, such as travel lockdowns or economic measures. The word has therefore become synonymous with “limitation” in Welsh public discourse.

Although the term is common in the Welsh language, it is rarely used in English documents. In academic works on Celtic languages it occasionally appears in discussions of Welsh grammatical structure and lexical change. Because of its specificity, Cyfyng is typically seen only in Welsh‑language contexts or in bilingual publications.