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contronym

A contronym, also known as an auto-antonym or a Janus word, is a word with two or more meanings that are opposite or nearly opposite. The intended meaning depends on context, and the word can appear in contradictory ways in different sentences.

The term highlights semantic ambiguity that arises as words acquire new senses through metaphorical extension, reanalysis,

Common contronyms include: sanction (to permit; to penalize); oversight (supervision; an omission); bound (destined for; restrained);

or
contrasts
within
polysemy.
Contronyms
are
noted
by
lexicographers
and
linguists,
and
some
terms
like
auto-antonym
and
Janus
word
are
used
interchangeably.
cleave
(to
adhere
to;
to
split
apart);
clip
(to
attach;
to
cut
off);
fast
(to
move
quickly;
to
abstain
from
eating);
dust
(to
remove
dust;
to
sprinkle
with
dust);
weather
(to
withstand;
to
wear
away);
trim
(to
decorate;
to
remove
excess);
strike
(to
hit;
to
erase
or
remove).
Context
typically
resolves
the
ambiguity,
though
contronyms
can
be
tricky
for
learners
and
in
written
text.