complétés

In French linguistics, *complétés* (the plural of *complété*) refer to elements in a sentence that provide additional information about the subject, object, or verb, thereby completing or elaborating on the core structure of the sentence. These terms are closely related to grammatical concepts such as complements and adjuncts, though they are not identical in all linguistic frameworks.

A *complété* typically serves a functional role in clarifying the meaning of a verb or noun. For example, in the sentence *"Il mange une pomme,"* the word *"une pomme"* (a apple) functions as a direct object complement, specifying what is being eaten. Similarly, in *"Elle est heureuse,"* the word *"heureuse"* (happy) acts as a subject complement, describing the state of the subject.

In syntactic analysis, *complétés* can be categorized into several types, including:

- **Direct object complements** (e.g., *"Il a vu le film"*—*"le film"* complements *"vu"*),

- **Indirect object complements** (e.g., *"Il parle à son ami"*—*"à son ami"* complements *"parle"*),

- **Subject complements** (e.g., *"Il semble fatigué"*—*"fatigué"* describes *"il"*),

- **Object complements** (e.g., *"Il a nommé son fils roi"*—*"roi"* complements *"son fils"*).

Unlike adjuncts, which provide contextual or circumstantial details (e.g., *"Il mange rapidement"*), *complétés* are essential for the sentence’s grammatical completeness. Their omission would typically result in an incomplete or ambiguous sentence. The study of *complétés* is fundamental in generative grammar and transformational grammar, where they play a role in sentence structure and hierarchical analysis.