cochleariae

Cochlearia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Brassicaceae, commonly known as scurvies or spoonworts. These plants are typically found in coastal areas and are known for their tolerance to salt spray and harsh, windy conditions. The name "cochlearia" comes from the Latin word for spoon, referring to the shape of the leaves of many species.

Species within the Cochlearia genus are herbaceous perennials or biennials. They often form low-growing mats or rosettes. The leaves are usually succulent, with a characteristic spoon-like or spatulate shape, though some species have lobed or toothed leaves. The flowers are typically small, white, and four-petaled, characteristic of the Brassicaceae family, and are borne in racemes.

Historically, Cochlearia species were important sources of vitamin C and were used to prevent and treat scurvy, a disease caused by vitamin C deficiency. This led to their common name, scurvy grass. For example, Cochlearia officinalis, the common scurvy grass, was widely used by sailors on long voyages.

The distribution of Cochlearia is primarily in the Northern Hemisphere, with a notable presence in Europe and parts of North America. They thrive in nutrient-poor, saline soils, often found on rocky shores, dunes, and cliffs. While some species are widespread, others have more restricted ranges. Their adaptation to these challenging environments makes them ecologically significant in coastal ecosystems.