cinéticos

Cinéticos is a term used primarily in Spanish to refer to kinetics—the study of motion and the rates at which processes occur—spanning science disciplines such as chemistry, physics, and biology, as well as art. In science, it concerns how fast changes happen and how conditions influence them; in art, it refers to works where movement is an intrinsic element of the piece.

In chemistry, chemical kinetics investigates reaction rates and mechanisms. Rate laws express how the rate depends on reactant concentrations, for example rate = k[A]^m[B]^n. The reaction order, rate constant, and activation energy determine temperature effects, often described by the Arrhenius equation. Catalysts, surface area, solvents, and light can alter rates. Experimental methods include time-resolved spectroscopy and stopped-flow techniques to monitor concentration changes.

In biochemistry, enzyme kinetics studies how enzymes accelerate reactions. The Michaelis-Menten model relates rate to substrate concentration via v = (Vmax[S])/(Km + [S]). Key concepts include saturation, turnover number, and inhibition, which can modify Km or Vmax and thereby regulate metabolic flux.

In physics and related sciences, kinetics covers motion under forces and the rate of processes. The kinetic theory of gases links microscopic particle motion to macroscopic properties like pressure and temperature. Kinetic energy, KE = 1/2 mv^2, is a fundamental measure of moving bodies.

In art, cinético or kinetic art comprises works designed to move or to create the impression of movement, often through motors, wind, or viewer interaction. Notable strands include mobiles and other sculptures that explore perception through motion.