carbonatul
Carbonatul is the term used for the salts and esters of carbonic acid. The carbonate ion, CO3^2−, is the central structural unit of most carbonates, which occur widely in nature as minerals and rocks and are also synthesized for various industrial uses. The carbonate family includes numerous minerals such as calcite and aragonite (both forms of calcium carbonate, CaCO3), dolomite (CaMg(CO3)2), magnesite (MgCO3), siderite (FeCO3), smithsonite (ZnCO3), and cerussite (PbCO3). Carbonates are abundant in Earth’s crust and are important in geology, ore geology, and construction.
In aqueous systems, carbonate species arise from the acid–base equilibria of carbonic acid. Dissolved carbon dioxide
Industrial and practical relevance is broad. Limestone and marble (CaCO3) are quarried for construction, cement production,