calciumniveauer
Calciumniveauer refers to the concentration of calcium in the body, with a focus on calcium in the blood. It is usually described as total serum calcium or the biologically active fraction, ionized calcium. Ionized calcium is the portion that participates in most physiological processes and can be measured directly, while total calcium includes protein-bound and complexed forms.
Calcium homeostasis is tightly regulated by hormonal and renal mechanisms. The parathyroid hormone (PTH), vitamin D,
Measurement and reference ranges vary by method and age. In adults, normal total serum calcium is about
Abnormal calcium levels have clinical significance. Hypocalcemia can cause neuromuscular irritability, tingling, and tetany, and may
Calciumniveauer are routinely assessed in metabolic panels and during evaluation of endocrine or renal disorders. Management