buf20

Buf20, also known as Bufotoxin-20, is a potent neurotoxin produced by the venomous marine snail, Conus textile. This toxin is a member of the bufadienolide family, which includes other well-known neurotoxins such as bufotoxin-15 and bufotoxin-17. Buf20 is characterized by its high affinity for voltage-gated sodium channels, specifically the alpha-subunit of these channels. This interaction leads to the inhibition of sodium channel function, which is crucial for the generation and propagation of action potentials in neurons.

The primary target of buf20 is the alpha-subunit of voltage-gated sodium channels, particularly the Nav1.2 subtype found in mammalian neurons. This binding results in a block of sodium channel activation, leading to a prolonged refractory period and a decrease in the firing rate of neurons. This mechanism underlies the neurotoxic effects of buf20, which can cause paralysis, respiratory failure, and ultimately, death in mammals.

Buf20 has been extensively studied for its potential as a research tool in neuroscience. Its ability to selectively block sodium channels makes it a valuable tool for studying the role of sodium channels in various physiological and pathological processes. However, due to its potent neurotoxic effects, the use of buf20 in research settings requires careful handling and strict safety protocols.

In summary, buf20 is a potent neurotoxin produced by the venomous marine snail, Conus textile. It acts by inhibiting voltage-gated sodium channels, leading to paralysis and respiratory failure in mammals. Despite its neurotoxic effects, buf20 is a valuable research tool in neuroscience due to its selective action on sodium channels.