brjóstkassi

Brjóstkassi is the Icelandic word for the rib cage. The rib cage is a bony structure in the thorax of humans and most other vertebrates that protects the lungs, heart, and other internal organs. It is composed of ribs, sternum, and thoracic vertebrae. The ribs are curved bones that attach to the thoracic vertebrae at the back and most of them connect to the sternum (breastbone) at the front, either directly or indirectly.

The primary function of the rib cage is protection. The strong, bony framework shields vital organs from external trauma. It also plays a crucial role in respiration. When you inhale, the intercostal muscles between the ribs contract, expanding the rib cage and drawing air into the lungs. During exhalation, these muscles relax, and the rib cage returns to its resting position, expelling air.

The human rib cage typically consists of 12 pairs of ribs, although variations can occur. These are generally categorized into true ribs, false ribs, and floating ribs based on their attachments. The sternum is a flat, dagger-shaped bone located in the center of the chest, to which the upper ribs are attached. The thoracic vertebrae form the posterior part of the rib cage, providing articulation points for the ribs. Injuries to the rib cage can range from simple bruises to fractures, which can be painful and may affect breathing.