bradykininmedierade

Bradykinin-mediated refers to processes or effects that are initiated or influenced by bradykinin, a nonapeptide that plays a significant role in the body's inflammatory and immune responses. Bradykinin is part of the kinin-kallikrein system, which is involved in the regulation of blood pressure, fluid balance, and inflammation. It is released from high molecular weight kininogen (HMWK) by the action of kallikrein, a serine protease.

Bradykinin acts through specific G-protein-coupled receptors, primarily B1 and B2 receptors, which are widely distributed in various tissues including the cardiovascular system, the central nervous system, and the immune system. Activation of these receptors leads to a cascade of intracellular events, including the release of intracellular calcium, activation of phospholipases, and the generation of second messengers such as inositol trisphosphate and diacylglycerol.

The effects of bradykinin-mediated processes can be both beneficial and detrimental. On one hand, bradykinin contributes to the body's defense mechanisms by promoting vasodilation, increasing vascular permeability, and attracting immune cells to sites of injury or infection. On the other hand, excessive bradykinin activity can lead to tissue damage, hypotension, and other adverse effects, particularly in conditions such as sepsis, trauma, and certain types of shock.

In therapeutic contexts, bradykinin receptor antagonists are used to modulate the inflammatory response and reduce tissue damage in conditions where excessive bradykinin activity is detrimental. Conversely, bradykinin receptor agonists are being explored for their potential in treating conditions characterized by insufficient bradykinin activity, such as certain forms of shock and cardiovascular diseases.