boutdiameter

Boutdiameter is a term used in polymer science and textile engineering to denote the diameter of a localized bulge, or bout, along a filament or polymer strand. A bout refers to a bead-like swelling that can develop during extrusion, drawing, or spinning of viscoelastic fibers; the boutdiameter is defined as the maximum cross-sectional diameter observed within the bulge region, measured perpendicular to the fiber axis.

Measurement of boutdiameter typically relies on high-resolution imaging. Methods include optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, or X-ray microtomography. The procedure involves identifying a representative bout, determining the local maximum circular cross-section, correcting for imaging perspective if necessary, and reporting the mean of multiple measurements. Units are usually micrometers, but they may be expressed in nanometers for very fine fibers.

Applications of boutdiameter include quality control in fiber spinning and extrusion, where it serves as an indicator of processing conditions and bead-formation tendencies. By comparing boutdiameter across samples, researchers can assess the effects of polymer composition, viscosity, draw ratio, temperature, and solvent content on bulge formation. Boutdiameter can thus help optimize processing windows to minimize defects or tailor surface morphology for dye uptake or interfacial properties.

Relation to other terms: boutdiameter is distinct from the overall fiber diameter and from longitudinal bead diameter, but it is related to bead-on-a-string morphologies and to phenomena described by Rayleigh-Plateau-type instabilities in viscoelastic jets.

History and usage: the term is used in a limited, niche context within recent literature and is not yet standardized across journals or industries. See also bead diameter, bead-on-a-string, and bead formation.