biodro

Biodro is a term used in Polish to refer to the hip region, encompassing the hip joint and surrounding structures. In anatomical context, the hip joint connects the pelvis to the femur and serves as a major weight-bearing and mobility joint.

The hip joint is a ball-and-socket joint formed by the acetabulum of the pelvis and the head of the femur. It is enclosed by a strong capsule reinforced by ligaments (iliofemoral, pubofemoral, ischiofemoral) and the round ligament of the head. The acetabular labrum deepens the socket, aiding stability. The joint receives blood mainly via the medial and lateral circumflex femoral arteries, and innervation from several nerves including the femoral, obturator, and superior gluteal nerves.

Movement is produced by muscles around the hip, including the gluteal muscles, iliopsoas, abductors, and adductors, enabling flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, and rotation. The hip transmits loads from the upper body to the lower limb and plays a central role in gait and balance.

Common conditions affecting biodro include osteoarthritis, femoroacetabular impingement, labral tears, hip fractures, dislocations, tendinopathies, and bursitis. Diagnosis relies on physical examination and imaging such as X-ray, MRI, or CT. Treatment ranges from physical therapy and medications to surgical options like hip replacement or arthroscopy, depending on severity and underlying cause. Congenital or developmental issues such as hip dysplasia can affect biodro in children and adults.