autolízist

Autolysis, also known as self-digestion, is a biological process in which cells break down their own components using enzymes. This occurs when a cell is damaged, stressed, or undergoes programmed cell death. Lysosomes, organelles within the cell containing digestive enzymes, play a key role in this process. Upon rupture or activation, these enzymes are released, initiating the breakdown of cellular structures, including proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates.

Autolysis is a normal part of cellular turnover and can be triggered by various factors such as lack of oxygen, nutrient deprivation, or physical injury. It is also a crucial step in apoptosis, or programmed cell death, a tightly regulated process essential for development and tissue homeostasis. In some cases, autolysis can be observed post-mortem, contributing to the decomposition of tissues. While autolysis is a natural cellular mechanism, uncontrolled or excessive autolysis can lead to pathological conditions.