atvirais

Atvirais is a Lithuanian grammatical form of the adjective atviras, meaning open or frank. It is the instrumental plural form used to modify masculine nouns in the instrumental case, for example with the noun langas (window) in its plural instrumental: atvirais langais, meaning with open windows. The corresponding feminine instrumental plural form is atviromis, as in atviromis durimis (with open doors).

Morphology and usage

The base for this form is atvir- with the standard Lithuanian adjective endings. In the masculine instrumental plural, adjectives ending in -as in the singular often take -ais in the plural, producing atvirais. The feminine instrumental plural ends in -omis (atviromis). These forms agree with the noun they modify in gender, number, and case, e.g., atvirais langais (masculine plural), atviromis durimis (feminine plural).

Semantic range

As a descriptive term, atviras covers both literal openness (doors, windows, containers) and metaphorical openness (transparency, candor, public access). In contrast, the adverbial form atvirai (openly) is used to describe actions, such as kalbėti atvirai (to speak openly).

Relation to related forms

Atvirais is one of several inflected forms of the adjective atviras. Other forms include atviras (masculine singular), atvira (feminine singular), and adverbial atvirai. Proper use depends on the noun’s gender, number, and the syntactic case.

See also

atviras, atvira, atvirai, open data (concepts in Lithuanian usage often described with related phrases).