aryyderivaatti

An aryldiazonium salt is an organic compound containing the functional group ArN2+, where Ar represents an aryl group. These salts are typically formed by the reaction of a primary aromatic amine with nitrous acid at low temperatures. The resulting diazonium cation is a highly reactive electrophile. Aryldiazonium salts are significant intermediates in organic synthesis, particularly in the synthesis of azo compounds, which are widely used as dyes and pigments. The Sandmeyer reaction, for example, allows for the replacement of the diazonium group with various nucleophiles, such as halides or cyanide, catalyzed by copper(I) salts. Another important reaction is the Schiemann reaction, which introduces a fluorine atom onto the aryl ring. Diazonium salts are also used in coupling reactions with activated aromatic compounds to form azo dyes. Due to their instability, aryldiazonium salts are usually prepared and used immediately in situ. They are often isolated as tetrafluoroborate or hexafluorophosphate salts, which are more stable.