applanatieprisma

Applanation prism is a type of prism used in optical instruments, particularly in ophthalmoscopes and biomicroscopes. It is designed to flatten a curved surface, allowing for a clearer and more magnified view. The term "applanation" itself refers to the act of flattening. In ophthalmology, applanation prisms are commonly employed to flatten the cornea of the eye during examination.

When light passes through an applanation prism, its refractive properties are utilized to correct for the optical distortions caused by the curved surface of the cornea. This correction results in a sharper image and reduces aberrations, enabling the ophthalmologist to observe finer details of the corneal structure, such as the endothelium or any irregularities. The prism is typically placed in contact with the ocular surface or integrated into the design of the viewing instrument.

The use of applanation prisms is crucial for accurate diagnosis and monitoring of various ocular conditions affecting the cornea. They are an essential component in diagnostic tools like slit lamps, where they enhance the resolution and clarity of the visual field. The principle behind their operation involves manipulating the path of light rays to overcome the refractive power of the curved corneal surface, thereby achieving a planar optical view.