använts

Använts is the passive past participle of the Swedish verb använda, meaning to use. It is used to express that something has been used and appears in passive constructions (has been used) or as a participial adjective in relative clauses. In translation it corresponds roughly to "has been used" or "were used" depending on tense and subject.

Formation and usage: The past passive participle använts is formed from the verb stem använd- with the passive suffix -ts. It is used with auxiliary verbs such as har (has) or var/hade (was/were) to form perfect or pluperfect passive constructions. Examples include: Metoden har använts i studien. Forskningen har använts som underlag i policydokument. Protokolet har använts av alla deltagare. These sentences show how använts conveys completed usage in a passive voice.

Adjective and relative-clause use: As a participle, använts can modify a noun in relative clauses or act as a descriptive element within a clause. For example: Fynden som använts i analysen visar ett tydligt samband. This function is common in scientific, technical, and administrative Swedish, where processes and materials are described by what has been used.

Notes: Använts should not be confused with the active past participle använda (använt) or the present passive anläggs/används. The form använts specifically marks a completed, passive usage. See also användning (use), använda (to use), and passiv konstruktion.