antidotarium

An antidotarium, also known as a pharmacopoeia or dispensatory, is a collection of medicinal recipes and instructions for the preparation of remedies. Historically, these texts served as authoritative guides for apothecaries and physicians, detailing the composition, dosage, and administration of various drugs and compounded medicines. Early antidotaria often included information on the properties of herbs, minerals, and animal substances used in healing. They provided standardized formulas, aiming to ensure consistency and efficacy in medicinal treatments.

The concept of an antidotarium can be traced back to ancient Greek and Roman medical texts, such as those attributed to Hippocrates and Galen. During the Middle Ages and the Renaissance, these compendia became increasingly important as medical knowledge and pharmaceutical practices evolved. They were crucial for the dissemination of medical information and the regulation of pharmacy. Different regions and institutions might have their own antidotaria, reflecting local traditions and available resources.

The term "antidotarium" specifically emphasizes the aspect of counteracting poisons and diseases, drawing from the Greek word "antidotarum," meaning antidote. However, the scope of these books extended far beyond mere antidotes to encompass a wide range of therapeutic agents. Over time, the function of antidotaria evolved into more formal pharmacopoeias, which are official compendia of drug standards and regulations established by governmental or professional bodies. Modern pharmacopoeias continue this tradition of providing standardized information for medicinal substances.