antidiuretického

Antidiuretického is the genitive singular form of the Czech adjective "antidiuretický," which translates to "antidiuretic" in English. An antidiuretic substance is one that reduces the excretion of urine. This is primarily achieved by increasing the reabsorption of water in the kidneys. The body's main antidiuretic hormone is vasopressin, also known as antidiuretic hormone (ADH). ADH is produced in the hypothalamus and released by the pituitary gland. It acts on the collecting ducts and distal tubules of the nephrons, making their walls more permeable to water. This allows more water to be reabsorbed back into the bloodstream, concentrating the urine and reducing its volume.

Conditions such as diabetes insipidus are characterized by a deficiency in ADH or the kidneys' inability to respond to it, leading to excessive urination (polyuria) and thirst (polydipsia). Medications that mimic the action of ADH or enhance its release are used to treat these conditions. Conversely, diuretics are substances that increase urine production, acting in opposition to antidiuretics. The concept of antidiuretického, therefore, relates to the physiological mechanisms and pharmacological agents that control water balance in the body by influencing urine output.