antibioote

Antibiotics are a type of antimicrobial medicine used to treat bacterial infections. They work by killing bacteria or preventing them from reproducing. Antibiotics are not effective against viral infections such as the common cold or flu.

The discovery of penicillin by Alexander Fleming in 1928 marked the beginning of the antibiotic era. This revolutionized medicine, making previously life-threatening bacterial infections treatable. However, the overuse and misuse of antibiotics have led to the emergence of antibiotic resistance, a significant global health threat. Antibiotic-resistant bacteria are harder to treat, leading to longer illnesses and increased mortality.

Antibiotics are prescribed by healthcare professionals and should only be taken as directed. Completing the full course of antibiotics is crucial, even if symptoms improve, to ensure all bacteria are eradicated and to minimize the risk of resistance developing. Sharing antibiotics or taking them for non-bacterial infections can contribute to resistance.

There are many different classes of antibiotics, each effective against specific types of bacteria. The choice of antibiotic depends on the type of infection, its severity, and the patient's individual health status. Common side effects of antibiotics can include nausea, diarrhea, and allergic reactions.

Public health initiatives focus on promoting responsible antibiotic use in both human and animal health to preserve the effectiveness of these vital medicines for future generations.