anapházisban

Anapházisban is a Greek term that translates to "in the phase of separation" or "in division." It is most commonly used in the context of cell division, specifically during mitosis and meiosis. In cellular biology, anaphase is a critical stage where sister chromatids or homologous chromosomes are pulled apart and moved to opposite ends of the cell. This separation is essential for distributing genetic material equally to the daughter cells.

During anaphase I of meiosis, homologous chromosomes, each composed of two sister chromatids, separate. This results in two haploid cells, with each chromosome still consisting of two chromatids. In anaphase II of meiosis, and also in anaphase of mitosis, the sister chromatids of each chromosome separate. Each chromatid then becomes an individual chromosome, and these move towards opposite poles of the cell. The precise and organized movement of chromosomes during anaphase is orchestrated by the spindle fibers, ensuring that each new cell receives a complete and accurate set of genetic information. Errors in anaphase can lead to aneuploidy, a condition where cells have an abnormal number of chromosomes, which can have significant consequences for cell function and organismal health.