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amateuradio

Amateur radio, commonly called ham radio, is a recreational and service activity that uses designated radio frequency bands for private, non-commercial communication, experimentation, self-training, and mutual aid. Operators, or hams, build and operate equipment to communicate with others around the world, engage in technical projects, and provide disaster and emergency communications when needed.

Licensing and regulation: In most countries, individuals must be licensed to operate on amateur bands. Licenses

Equipment and bands: Amateur radio uses equipment such as transceivers, antennas, tuners, and power supplies. It

Activities and community: Hams participate in nets, contests, field days, and experiments. Amateur radio clubs and

History: The amateur radio movement emerged from late 19th and early 20th century radio experimentation, with

are
obtained
by
passing
examinations
and
are
issued
with
an
assigned
call
sign
by
a
national
authority.
The
license
class
determines
available
frequency
bands
and
modes.
Operators
must
follow
band
plans,
power
limits,
and
operating
practices
to
minimize
interference
and
ensure
safety.
covers
HF
bands
for
long-distance
work,
VHF
and
UHF
bands
for
local
and
regional
reach,
and
microwave
bands
for
higher-frequency
experiments.
Modes
include
voice
(SSB
and
FM),
Morse
code
(CW),
and
digital
modes
such
as
RTTY,
PSK31,
FT8,
FT4,
and
packet
radio.
organizations
provide
education,
mentoring,
and
community
service.
The
hobby
fosters
international
friendship
and
technical
literacy,
with
programs
for
youth
and
newcomers.
clubs
forming
around
wireless
communication.
National
and
international
bodies
regulate
call
signs
and
frequency
use,
and
organizations
such
as
the
ARRL
in
the
United
States
coordinate
advocacy
and
education.