alur

The Alur are a Nilotic-speaking ethnic group living in northwestern Uganda and parts of the Democratic Republic of the Congo. They form one of the region’s larger ethnic communities and are closely connected to neighboring Luo-speaking groups. The Alur language, also called Alur, belongs to the Luo branch of the Nilotic language family and is spoken by most members of the community, with many also fluent in regional languages such as Luganda, French, or Swahili.

Population and distribution vary in estimates, but Alur communities are concentrated along the Uganda–DR Congo border, with livelihoods extending into rural towns and border markets. The social structure traditionally centers on extended families and clan-based associations, with local leadership and customary practices guiding community life.

Economy and culture typically emphasize agriculture and fishing. Common crops include cassava, millet, maize, and beans, supplemented by small-scale livestock keeping and barter trade. Social and cultural life features ceremonies, rites of passage, music, and dance, which play a role in community identity and intergenerational transmission of knowledge.

Religion among the Alur is mixed. Traditional beliefs and practices coexist with Christian denominations, particularly Catholic and Protestant churches, reflecting historical missionary activity in the region. Islam is present among some individuals and communities in certain areas, contributing to religious diversity.

Historically, the Alur have experienced the effects of regional politics, colonial borders, and cross-border movement. In modern times, development, displacement, and cross-border trade influence daily life and demographic patterns across Uganda and the DR Congo.