alkalisilikaatin

Alkali silicates are a group of inorganic compounds with the general formula M2O xSiO2, where M represents an alkali metal such as lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, or cesium, and x is the ratio of silicon dioxide to alkali metal oxide. Sodium silicate, also known as water glass, is the most common and widely produced alkali silicate. Potassium silicate and lithium silicate are also commercially significant.

These compounds are typically produced by fusing silica (sand) with an alkali metal carbonate or hydroxide at high temperatures. The resulting glassy solid is then dissolved in water to form aqueous solutions, or it can be processed into powders or granules. Alkali silicates are characterized by their high alkalinity, solubility in water, and ability to form stable gels.

Alkali silicates have a diverse range of applications due to their unique properties. They are used as binders in detergents, adhesives, cements, and coatings. In the paper industry, they act as de-inking agents and bleaching stabilizers. They also find use in water treatment for corrosion control and as coagulants. In the construction industry, they can be used as concrete hardeners and sealants. Furthermore, certain alkali silicates are employed in foundry molds, welding rods, and as deflocculants in drilling fluids. Their ability to form silica gels is utilized in desiccants and as a source of silica in various chemical processes.