akvaporiini2n

Akvaporiini2n is a protein that belongs to the aquaporin family, which are channel proteins responsible for the transport of water across cell membranes. Specifically, aquaporin-2 (AQP2) is primarily found in the principal cells of the kidney's collecting ducts. Its main function is to regulate water reabsorption in response to antidiuretic hormone (ADH), also known as vasopressin. When ADH levels are high, it binds to receptors on the principal cells, triggering a signaling cascade that leads to the insertion of AQP2 channels into the apical membrane. This increased presence of AQP2 facilitates the rapid movement of water from the tubular fluid back into the cells, thereby concentrating urine and conserving body water. Conversely, when ADH levels are low, AQP2 channels are internalized from the membrane, reducing water permeability and leading to the excretion of dilute urine. Mutations in the gene encoding AQP2 (AQP2) can cause nephrogenic diabetes insipidus, a condition characterized by the inability of the kidneys to concentrate urine, leading to excessive thirst and urination. The regulation of AQP2 expression and trafficking is crucial for maintaining water homeostasis in the body.