africa

Africa is the world's second-largest continent, covering approximately 30.3 million square kilometers. It is bordered by the Mediterranean Sea to the north, the Indian Ocean to the east, the Atlantic Ocean to the west, and the Red Sea to the northeast. The continent contains 54 fully recognized sovereign states and various territories.

Africa is home to over 1.3 billion people speaking more than 2,000 languages and belonging to diverse ethnic groups. Its geography ranges from the Sahara Desert in the north to the Congo Basin rainforests and the savannas of the east and south. The Nile River, the world's longest river, flows through northeastern Africa.

The continent boasts remarkable biodiversity, hosting iconic wildlife such as elephants, lions, giraffes, and numerous bird species. Africa is considered the birthplace of humanity, with archaeological evidence showing human presence dating back millions of years. In modern times, Africa is experiencing economic growth while addressing challenges related to healthcare, education, and sustainable development.