adverbiálissá

Adverbiális is a Hungarian grammatical term referring to a word or phrase that functions adverbially. It indicates the circumstances of an action, such as time, place, manner, or cause. In Hungarian grammar, the concept of adverbial is broader than the English adverb, encompassing not only single words but also various types of phrases and even some clauses that modify verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs. These adverbial elements provide additional information about the predicate of a sentence, answering questions like "when?", "where?", "how?", or "why?".

Adverbials in Hungarian can be expressed in several ways. Single adverbs, like *gyorsan* (quickly) or *holnap* (tomorrow), are common. However, prepositional phrases (though Hungarian is a postpositional language, so it's postpositional phrases), noun phrases in specific cases, or even certain types of subordinate clauses can also function adverbially. For example, the phrase *az asztal alatt* (under the table) functions as an adverbial of place. The case endings of nouns play a crucial role in forming adverbials, with locative cases (like the sublative, superessive, and adessive) often indicating location. The instrumental case can denote manner, and the causal suffixes can express reason. Understanding the function of adverbials is key to comprehending the full meaning and nuances of Hungarian sentences.