absorbtiomäärityksiä

Absorptiomäärityksiä, known in English as absorption assays or absorption measurements, refers to a class of analytical techniques used to determine the concentration of a substance in a sample by measuring how much light it absorbs. These methods are based on the Beer-Lambert law, which states that the absorbance of a solution is directly proportional to the concentration of the absorbing species and the path length the light travels through the solution.

The process typically involves a light source, a sample holder, and a detector. Light of a specific wavelength, chosen based on the absorption spectrum of the analyte, is passed through the sample. The detector measures the intensity of light that passes through, and this is compared to the intensity of light that passes through a reference sample (often a solvent or blank solution) to determine the absorbance.

Common applications of absorptiomäärityksiä include quantifying proteins, nucleic acids, enzymes, and various colored compounds in biological, chemical, and environmental samples. Spectrophotometers are the primary instruments used for these measurements. Different types of absorption assays exist, such as direct spectrophotometry, colorimetric assays where a colored product is formed, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) that utilize color changes to indicate the presence and quantity of an analyte. The accuracy of absorptiomäärityksiä depends on factors like the specificity of the wavelength used, the purity of the sample, and proper calibration of the instrument.