Zuzmófélék

Zuzmófélék is the Hungarian term for lichens, which are composite organisms that arise from algae or cyanobacteria living among filaments of multiple fungi species in a symbiotic relationship. The combined organism has a completely different appearance from any of the separate components. Lichens grow on rocks, trees, walls, and soil. They are important indicators of air quality as they are sensitive to pollutants.

There are many different types of lichens, classified by their growth form. Crustose lichens are tightly attached to their substrate and form a crust. Foliose lichens are leaf-like and can be lifted from their substrate. Fruticose lichens are branch-like or hair-like and often hang from branches.

Lichens are found in diverse environments, from deserts to tundras, and can survive extreme conditions. They play a role in soil formation by breaking down rocks and in providing food and habitat for various animals. Their slow growth rate means they can live for hundreds or even thousands of years.