Zikavírusu

Zikavírusu is the Slovak name for the Zika virus. It is a mosquito-borne flavivirus that was first identified in Uganda in 1947. The virus is primarily transmitted to humans through the bite of infected Aedes mosquitoes, particularly Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus.

In most cases, Zika virus infection causes mild or no symptoms, which can include fever, rash, joint pain, conjunctivitis, muscle pain, and headache. However, Zika infection during pregnancy can cause microcephaly and other severe brain defects in the developing fetus. It has also been linked to Guillain-Barré syndrome, a neurological disorder, in adults.

The first major outbreak of Zika virus disease occurred in Brazil in 2015, which led to a surge in microcephaly cases. Since then, outbreaks have been reported in numerous countries across the Americas, Asia, and Africa.

There is currently no specific vaccine or medication to prevent or treat Zika virus infection. Prevention strategies focus on mosquito control and avoiding mosquito bites, such as using insect repellent, wearing protective clothing, and eliminating mosquito breeding sites. Travelers to areas with ongoing Zika transmission are advised to take precautions. Diagnosis is typically made through laboratory tests that detect the virus or antibodies in blood or urine.