Ylisuurettuus

Ylisuurettuus, also known as hypercalcemia, is a medical condition characterized by elevated levels of calcium in the blood. Calcium is a crucial mineral that plays a vital role in various physiological processes, including muscle and nerve function, blood clotting, and bone health. In hypercalcemia, the calcium levels exceed the normal range, typically above 10.2 mg/dL (2.55 mmol/L) for serum calcium.

Hypercalcemia can be caused by various factors, including primary hyperparathyroidism, vitamin D toxicity, certain cancers, and medications such as lithium and thiazide diuretics. Symptoms of hypercalcemia may include nausea, vomiting, constipation, abdominal pain, weakness, and confusion. In severe cases, it can lead to life-threatening complications such as cardiac arrhythmias, seizures, and coma.

Diagnosis of hypercalcemia involves measuring serum calcium levels and identifying the underlying cause. Treatment aims to lower calcium levels and address the underlying condition. This may involve medications such as bisphosphonates, cinacalcet, or intravenous fluids, depending on the cause and severity of the condition. Regular monitoring of calcium levels is essential to manage the condition effectively and prevent complications.