Vækstzones

Vækstzones, also known as growth zones or growth plates, are areas of developing tissue near the ends of long bones in children and adolescents. These zones are crucial for longitudinal bone growth, allowing bones to lengthen as the individual grows. Located at the epiphyseal plates, they consist of cartilage cells that continuously divide and produce new bone tissue, facilitating the extension of bones such as the femur, tibia, and radius.

During childhood and adolescence, the epiphyseal plates are active, enabling rapid growth spurts. Once skeletal maturity is reached, typically in late teens or early twenties, these zones eventually ossify, transforming into solid bone and closing the growth plates. This process, known as epiphyseal closure, marks the end of longitudinal bone growth.

Vækstzones play a vital role in skeletal development, but they are also susceptible to injuries and conditions that can disrupt normal growth. Trauma, infections, or hormonal imbalances may affect these zones, potentially leading to growth abnormalities such as limb length discrepancies or deformities. Conditions like growth plate fractures, rickets, or tumors can also impact their function.

In clinical practice, understanding the behavior of vækstzones is essential for diagnosing and treating pediatric orthopedic issues. Imaging techniques such as X-rays are commonly used to assess their condition, while surgical interventions or hormone therapies may be employed to correct growth-related problems. Proper care and monitoring of these zones are critical for ensuring healthy skeletal development in growing individuals.