Virtsatestejä

Virtsatestejä, or urinalysis, is a laboratory test performed on a urine sample to detect and measure various compounds and elements that may indicate a health condition. It is a common and non-invasive diagnostic tool used to screen for, diagnose, and monitor a wide range of diseases and conditions.

The basic urinalysis involves three main parts: a visual examination, a dipstick test, and a microscopic examination. Visually, urine color, clarity, and odor are assessed. Abnormalities in color, such as red or dark brown, can suggest blood or certain medications, while cloudy urine may indicate infection.

The dipstick test uses a chemically treated strip that changes color when dipped in urine, indicating the presence and concentration of substances like protein, glucose, ketones, bilirubin, and pH. For instance, the presence of glucose in urine can be a sign of diabetes, and elevated protein levels might suggest kidney problems.

Microscopic examination of the urine sediment allows for the identification of red blood cells, white blood cells, bacteria, crystals, and casts. Increased numbers of white blood cells can point to a urinary tract infection, while red blood cells might indicate bleeding in the urinary tract.

Virtsatestejä can be used to detect urinary tract infections, kidney disease, diabetes, liver problems, and dehydration. It can also be used to monitor the effectiveness of treatment for certain conditions. Samples are typically collected in a sterile container to prevent contamination. Instructions for collection are usually provided to ensure accurate results.