Vihamielämpiä

Vihamielämpiä is a Finnish plural partitive adjective form meaning “more hostile.” It is used to indicate a higher degree of hostility and typically accompanies plural or partially indefinite nouns in the partitive case, such as tekoja, viestejä or puheenvuoroja.

Morphology and usage

The form arises from the comparative adjective vihamielisempi (more hostile). When describing multiple objects expressed in the partitive, the suffix -ä (with the appropriate plural and partitive ending) yields vihamielämpiä. In practice, vihamielämpiä functions as a modifier that compares the level of hostility between different actions, messages, or utterances, often in analytical, journalistic, or formal discourse.

Common contexts

- Tilanteessa on esiintynyt vihamielämpiä tekoja. (There have been more hostile acts in the situation.)

- Sosiaalisessa mediassa kiertää vihamielämpiä viestejä. (More hostile messages have circulated on social media.)

- Keskustelu on siirtynyt vihamielämpiä puheenvuoroja kohti. (The discussion has moved toward more hostile speeches.)

Notes on form and style

Vihamielämpiä is a plural partitive form and thus appears with plural partitive nouns. If the subject is singular or in nominative, other forms are used, for example vihamielisempi (singular), vihamielisemmät (plural nominative). The word is common in written and spoken Finnish when a researcher, journalist, or commentator wants to emphasize a higher level of hostility.

In summary, vihamielämpiä denotes a higher degree of hostility in relation to a reference point and is employed with plurals in partitive constructions to describe acts, messages, or expressions.