Utökade

Utökade is a Swedish term that can function as both a verb form and an adjective, with meanings related to expansion or enlargement. As a verb form, utökade is the past tense (preterite) of the verb utöka, meaning to expand, broaden, or extend something that has been completed in the past. As an adjective, utökade is the plural form of utökad, describing things that have been expanded or extended (for example, utökade befogenheter or utökade krav). The two uses are distinguished by context and grammatical agreement.

Etymology and form: utöka is a compound of ut- (out, outward) and öka (to increase). The adjective utökad/utökade describes a noun that has undergone expansion, while the verb form utökade appears in sentences describing past actions. The usual verb participle forms include utökade (past tense) and utökat (supine/participial form used with har to form perfect tenses).

Usage and nuance: In political, legal, and business language, utökade befogenheter or utökad kapacitet convey that powers or capacity have been expanded. The term can carry substantive or procedural nuance, depending on the context and the subject of expansion. In everyday Swedish, alternatives such as utvidgad or förlängd may be used to convey similar ideas with slightly different connotations.

Translations: In English, utökade can be translated as expanded, extended, broadened, or enlarged. When used as a verb form, it corresponds to “they expanded” or “we expanded,” depending on the subject and tense.

Related terms: utöka (to expand), utökad/utökade (expanded), utökning (expansion).