Upphafsár

Upphafsár, historically referred to as the "Year of the Beginning," is a term used in Icelandic culture and historiography to denote the traditional starting point of the country's written history. The exact date varies depending on historical sources, but it generally marks the beginning of recorded history in Iceland.

The concept of upphafsár is closely linked to the Old Norse sagas, which are among the earliest written sources detailing Icelandic history, mythology, and societal structures. These sagas, composed between the 12th and 14th centuries, provide narratives about the settlement of Iceland, notable chieftains, and significant events that shaped early Icelandic society.

In a broader context, upphafsár may also refer to key moments in Icelandic history, such as the settlement period in the 9th century, traditionally dated to around 870-930 CE, when Norse explorers and settlers established farms and communities on the island.

The use of upphafsár as a historical marker underscores Iceland’s rich heritage of storytelling and documentation. It serves as a symbolic starting point for understanding Iceland’s national identity and historical development, blending myth, legend, and factual history. Today, the term remains relevant in historical discourse and cultural celebrations, highlighting Iceland's deep connection to its origins and early historical narratives.