Upaka

Upaka is a figure from early Buddhist tradition, mentioned in the Pali Canon. He is primarily known for encountering the Buddha shortly after the Buddha's enlightenment. According to the accounts, Upaka was an Ajivika ascetic who met the Buddha on his way to Sarnath. He was struck by the Buddha's serene demeanor and inquired about his teacher. The Buddha explained that he had attained enlightenment and was now a fully awakened one. Upaka, though impressed, did not immediately become a follower. He is said to have remarked that the Buddha was a "friend" and then went on his way.

Later, Upaka encountered the Buddha again, this time in the vicinity of Sravasti. This second encounter is described in more detail, with Upaka expressing doubt about the Buddha's claims and questioning his spiritual authority. However, after further discourse, Upaka was persuaded and became a disciple of the Buddha. He is then listed as one of the Buddha's chief disciples, known for his meditative concentration and insight. There are varying accounts and interpretations regarding Upaka's background and his initial interaction with the Buddha, with some texts emphasizing his skepticism and others his eventual devotion.