Ultratsentrifugatsiooni

Ultratsentrifugatsiooni (also known as ultracentrifugation) is a laboratory technique used to separate and purify molecules or cells based on their centrifugal properties. The process relies on the use of high-speed centrifuges, which accelerate rotation to extremely high speeds, typically ranging from 30,000 to 60,000 revolutions per minute.

During ultratsentrifugatsiooni, the centrifuged sample is placed in a rotor, and the centrifuge is adjusted to achieve high speeds. As the rotor spins, the heavy particles and molecules are forced towards the outer edge of the rotor, while the lighter particles and liquids remain near the center. This differential sedimentation allows for the separation of contaminants and unwanted substances from the desired component.

The ultratsentrifugatsiooni technique is widely used in various fields, including biochemistry, molecular biology, and medicine. It is particularly useful for the isolation and analysis of viruses, bacteria, and other microorganisms. Additionally, ultratsentrifugatsiooni is employed in the preparation of clinical samples for analysis, such as blood plasma and serum.

The process involves several parameters that can be adjusted to optimize the separation, including the centrifugal force, rotor speed, and time of centrifugation. Factors such as temperature and sample viscosity also influence the outcome of the ultratsentrifugatsiooni procedure. Due to its versatility and precision, ultratsentrifugatsiooni has become an indispensable tool in modern laboratory settings.